The Aviation Meteorological Monitoring System is an integrated set of advanced equipment and technologies installed at airports to collect, process, and deliver real-time, continuous, and accurate weather information in support of aviation safety operations such as takeoff, landing, and air traffic control.
The system consists of multiple components, among which the Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) and the Windshear Alert System (WSAS) are the most critical elements.
The Windshear Alert System (WSAS) at airports utilizes a combination of Doppler radar and Lidar technology, providing an advanced solution to detect and issue early warnings of windshear—one of the primary causes of safety hazards during aircraft takeoff and landing.
The system integrates two core technologies:
Detects weather phenomena such as rain, thunderstorms, and strong winds.
Uses the Doppler effect to measure wind velocity over long distances.
Capable of identifying broad-scale windshear-prone areas, such as thunderstorm cells or frontal weather systems.
Uses laser beams to detect movement of small airborne particles (dust, aerosols) in the atmosphere.
Performs efficiently under clear weather conditions or when there is no precipitation.
Provides high-resolution data on variations in wind speed and direction over short ranges (hundreds of meters to a few kilometers from the runway), especially critical during the takeoff and landing phases.
Radar is responsible for long-range surveillance, forecasting, and early warning of large-scale or hazardous weather conditions that may induce windshear.
Lidar delivers localized, real-time, and precise data on windshear activity within the immediate vicinity of the runway, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of alerts.
Data from both radar and lidar are integrated into a dedicated analysis software, which applies advanced algorithms to determine the location, severity, and probability of windshear at a given time.
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